Stephen Foskett, Pack Rat

Reports are filtering in today that Western Digital has reached an agreement to purchase Fujitsu’s hard disk drive development and manufacturing assets. Already the world’s second-biggest drive manufacturer, Western Digital would edge closer to market-leader, Seagate, with the acquisition. The move would give WD even greater manufacturing capacity in Japan, the Philippines, and Thailand, and would potentially open up greater access to the laptop OEM market, where Fujitsu has performed well over the last few years.

Let’s take a look at the two company’s product lines and market positions as we determine the impact of this deal.

Update: Fujitsu is denying the deal, even though the market loves it, but it still makes sense for WDC to pick up either Fujitsu or Hitachi’s disk drive business to better compete with Seagate.
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One of the new features in Xen 3.3, released this week, caught my eye: Paravirtualized SCSI (PVSCSI), which allows a guest OS to directly interact with a SCSI (or Fibre Channel) HBA. This should allow more specialized applications to be virtualized in Xen environments that use SCSI or FC storage without requiring the addition of a dedicated physical storage port per guest.

PVSCSI gives virtual machines direct access to SCSI and FC HBAs, and plays nicely with NPIV (Xensummit diagram by Fujitsu)

Functionally similar to VMware’s Physical Compatibility Mode for Raw Device Mode (RDM) volumes, PVSCSI enables certain applications that require direct SCSI communication to function in a virtual environment. Examples include Oracle RMAN, backup applications, and potentially SAN management software.

PVSCSI plays nicely with N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV), too, so you don’t need to assign a physical HBA port to each guest - they can all share a port or two, and each would have his own N_Port on the Fibre Channel fabric.

In their Xensummit presentation about PVSCSI, Fujitsu showed impressive performance numbers, demonstrating that the technology doesn’t cause much of a performance hit even though it is substantially more complicated than the alternative approaches. I do wonder how PVSCSI managed to outperform Dom0 with 128k writes, but let’s chalk that up to insignificant variations in timing…

Now if only Xen would update the (3.2-era) readme files on their download page!

This should not come as a shock to anyone, as it has been proven before, but let me take this moment to say that, yes, despite their rated speeds, 400-megabit FireWire S400 (aka IEEE 1394) is faster than 480-megabit USB 2.0.

While swapping out disk drives (first to upgrade the internal drive in my MacBook Pro and later to give Time Machine more room), I took some quick performance snapshots with xbench and showed that, depending on I/O type, FireWire can be almost twice as fast as USB, but neither really holds a candle to SATA.

I also took the opportunity to compare the highly-integrated USB 2.0 controller in my Maxtor OneTouch 4 Mini with the much more complicated FireWire/USB combo found in the Verbatim SmartDisk, as well as the performance of three popular notebook hard disk models.

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Uh oh, after this backup I'll only have a few GB left on my Time Machine backup drive!

Well, that happened pretty quickly!  After upgrading the internal hard drive on my MacBook Pro to 320 GB, I moved the 120 GB disk Apple shipped with the machine to my Verbatim SmartDisk FireWire+USB enclosure to use as a Time Machine backup target.  Despite applying some tricks to reduce the amount of data backed up by Time Machine, I filled up the 120 GB drive pretty quickly indeed!  So I decided to swap the 160 GB drive from my Maxtor OneTouch 4 Mini USB drive into the (faster) Verbatim FireWire enclosure to give Time Machine some (temporary) breathing room.

It turns out that you can move Time Machine backups easily, with included OS X tools, and without breaking anything.  My old backups are still visible, and I have another 40 GB to work with.  Read on for the details!

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I know I’m not the first to do this, but it does make me chuckle to have upgraded a brand new machine less than a week after buying it.  That’s right, my brand new MacBook Pro now has 4 GB of RAM and a massive 320 GB of disk space.  If you’re thinking of upgrading your disk, whether you have a Mac or PC, now might be a good time, as prices have recently hit a new low point.

Read on for details on swapping a disk in a MacBook Pro, finding a great deal on the drive, and how to get Boot Camp and VMware Fusion to work again after you do it!  Surprisingly, this was the hardest part… Continue Reading »

Continuing my overview of the specialized hard drive market, we move on to the world of enterprise hard disk drives. These are performance monsters, with nearly all falling above the 10,000 RPM line that defines “exotic” in the desktop space. They also have a wide variety of interfaces, including parallel and serial SCSI, Fibre Channel, and even SATA.

Lots of innovation is currently on the horizon in the enterprise drive space, notably the application of desktop and mobile technologies to the space. Right now, you can buy a 15,000 RPM 2.5″ dual-SAS enterprise mechanism from two different companies! Or maybe you want a 1 TB bulk drive with SATA? These are a far cry from the bread and butter 10- and 15k 3.5″ SCSI and FC drives we’ve long been accustomed to. Click through for the full story… Continue Reading »

Lately, there has been a lot of buzz in the enterprise storage arena about whether so-called “enterprise drives” are really any better than plain-Jane hard drives in Enterprise applications. This came to a head with the controversial findings of Google and CMU, but it’s been simmering under the covers everywhere from TiVo communities to gamers. I’ve normally been loathe to focus on a product so mundane as a hard disk unit in this blog, but I find that their functionality ripples up to the highest levels of strategic buying.

So what makes a great hard disk drive? It turns out that the major manufacturers have a lot of ideas, segmenting and specializing their product lines faster than anyone can keep up with it. I realized that I really knew very little about these important components and set out to learn more.

So all next week, I’m going to highlight each segment of the hard disk industry, discussing the various models of drives offered and the reality of their specialization.

I’ll be looking at drives from the following manufacturers:

• Excelstor - An assembler from China
• Fujitsu - A major player in the laptop/mobile and enterprise drive market
• Hitachi - Purchased IBM’s disk drive operations and a major enterprise maker with products in nearly every market niche
• Samsung - Quietly gaining ground in the desktop and laptop/mobile space
• Seagate - The other full-line player in the market, especially after the purchase of Maxtor
• Toshiba - The big dog in laptop and ultraportable drives
• Western Digital - The consumer disk titan is starting to move into the server/enterprise territory

And I’ll be covering the following market segments:

• Desktop
• Server/Enterprise
• Laptop/Mobile
• DVR/Surveillance
• Ultraportable
• Automotive/Industrial

At the end, I’ll sum up my findings and opinions on this amazingly diverse market. Note that, while I focus on enterprise data storage as a professional consultant, I’m no disk drive market insider. I’m researching and learning, and I value input from others, especially on this topic!